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Data Access
OMNIWeb
FTPS from SPDF (not with most browsers)
HTTPS from SPDF
OMNI 27-Day Data Set
var authors='Papitashvili, Natalia E.; & King, Joseph H.';
document.write(authors);
(2020).
OMNI 27-Day Data Set.
[Data set].
Space Physics Data Facility.
https://doi.org/10.48322/nmh3-jf75. Accessed on document.write(currentDateStr);.
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ResourceID
spase://NASA/NumericalData/OMNI/P27D
Description
27-day averaged, multi-source, near-Earth solar wind magnetic field, plasma and energetic proton flux data, plus AE, AU, AL, Kp, ap, and Dst geomagnetic indices, Polar Cap (Thule) index, F10.7 index, and Rz (sunspot number). Also available at 1-hour and 1-day resolution.
Metadata Rights
CC0-1.0:
Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal
Note
CC0 1.0 Universal is the Creative Commons license applicable to all publicly available SPASE metadata descriptions. The actual data/software may be subject to a different license.
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Details
Version:2.7.1
NumericalData
ResourceID
spase://NASA/NumericalData/OMNI/P27D
NamingAuthority
NASA
ResourceType
NumericalData
ResourceHeader
ResourceName
OMNI 27-Day Data Set
DOI
https://doi.org/10.48322/nmh3-jf75
ReleaseDate
2026-06-26 13:25:31Z
RevisionHistory
RevisionEvent
ReleaseDate
2021-05-31 12:34:56.789Z
Note
Updated to SPASE Version 2.3.2 if needed, Applied quality control for DOI usage, LFB
RevisionEvent
ReleaseDate
2025-10-03 10:41:15Z
Note
Updated PublishedBy name to match ROR Registry. Added ResourceType and NamingAuthority. Changed http to https in top-level schemaLocation attribute. Fixed version number separator in top-level schemaLocation attribute. Matched version number in schemaLocation attribute to updated value in Version tag. ZCB
RevisionEvent
ReleaseDate
2025-12-04 13:30:15Z
Note
Added MetadataRightsList and RightsList(s). Updated to 2.7.1. ZCB
RevisionEvent
ReleaseDate
2026-06-26 13:25:31Z
Note
Add 'Z' to RevisionEvent:ReleaseDate(s), PublicationDate, TemporalDescription:TimeSpan:StartDate. ZCB
Description
27-day averaged, multi-source, near-Earth solar wind magnetic field, plasma and energetic proton flux data, plus AE, AU, AL, Kp, ap, and Dst geomagnetic indices, Polar Cap (Thule) index, F10.7 index, and Rz (sunspot number). Also available at 1-hour and 1-day resolution.
Acknowledgement
We acknowledge the experiment teams that acquired, processed and provided the OMNI-included data, and J.H. King and N.E. Papitashvili of NASA/GSFC for creating the OMNI data set.
PublicationInfo
Authors
Papitashvili, Natalia E.; & King, Joseph H.
PublicationDate
2020-01-01 00:00:00Z
PublishedBy
Space Physics Data Facility
Contacts
Role
Person
StartDate
StopDate
Note
1.
GeneralContact
spase://SMWG/Person/Joseph.H.King
2.
TechnicalContact
spase://SMWG/Person/Natalia.E.Papitashvili
InformationURL
Name
OMNI documentation at OMNIWeb
URL
https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/html/ow_data.html
Description
Extensive OMNI documentation pages
Association
AssociationID
spase://SMWG/Instrument/ACE/MAG
AssociationType
DerivedFrom
Association
AssociationID
spase://SMWG/Instrument/ACE/SWEPAM
AssociationType
DerivedFrom
Association
AssociationID
spase://SMWG/Instrument/Wind/MFI
AssociationType
DerivedFrom
Association
AssociationID
spase://SMWG/Instrument/Wind/SWE
AssociationType
DerivedFrom
Association
AssociationID
spase://SMWG/Instrument/IMP8/MAG
AssociationType
DerivedFrom
Association
AssociationID
spase://SMWG/Instrument/IMP8/PLS
AssociationType
DerivedFrom
Association
AssociationID
spase://SMWG/Instrument/IMP8/CPME
AssociationType
DerivedFrom
Association
AssociationID
spase://SMWG/Instrument/Geotail/MGF
AssociationType
DerivedFrom
Association
AssociationID
spase://SMWG/Instrument/Geotail/CPI
AssociationType
DerivedFrom
Association
AssociationID
spase://SMWG/Instrument/GOES/11/SEM
AssociationType
DerivedFrom
PriorIDs
spase://VMO/NumericalData/OMNI/P27D
spase://VSPO/NumericalData/OMNI/P27D
AccessInformation
RepositoryID
spase://SMWG/Repository/NASA/GSFC/SPDF
Availability
Online
AccessRights
Open
RightsList
Rights
SchemeURI
https://spdx.org/licenses/
RightsIdentifierScheme
SPDX
RightsIdentifier
CC0-1.0
RightsURI
https://spdx.org/licenses/CC0-1.0.html
RightsName
Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal
Note
CC0 1.0 Universal is the Creative Commons license applicable to all publicly available NASA Heliophysics data products
AccessURL
Name
OMNIWeb
URL
https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html
Description
Pathway to data and to extensive documentation. Plots, listings and user-specified files. Scatter plots and linear regressions. Distributions. Means, medians, standard deviations in distributions. Pathway to 1-min, 5-min, 1-hour, 1-day, 27-day averages.
AccessURL
Name
FTPS from SPDF (not with most browsers)
URL
ftps://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/
Description
ftp access to file of 27-day OMNI data
AccessURL
Name
HTTPS from SPDF
URL
https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/
Description
In CDF via HTTP from SPDF
Format
Text
DataExtent
Quantity
202
Units
kB
Acknowledgement
We acknowledge the experiment teams that acquired, processed and provided the OMNI-included data, and J.H. King and N.E. Papitashvili of NASA/GSFC for creating the OMNI data set.
ProcessingLevel
Calibrated
InstrumentIDs
spase://SMWG/Instrument/OMNI
MeasurementType
ThermalPlasma
MeasurementType
MagneticField
MeasurementType
EnergeticParticles
MeasurementType
ActivityIndex
TemporalDescription
TimeSpan
StartDate
1963-11-02 00:00:00Z
RelativeStopDate
-P1M
Note
Various parameters are held current to differing levels. Typical delay is about 1-2 months.
Cadence
P27D
ObservedRegion
Heliosphere.NearEarth
Parameter #1
Name
Average magnetic field magnitude
ParameterKey
Column09
Description
Average of fine scale field magnitudes
Cadence
P27D
Units
nT
Field
Qualifier
Magnitude
FieldQuantity
Magnetic
Parameter #2
Name
Magnitude of average magnetic field vector
ParameterKey
Column10
Description
Magnitude of vector-averaged magnetic field vector. SQRT(<Bx>**2 + <By>**2 +<Bz>**2)
Cadence
P27D
Units
nT
Field
Qualifier
Magnitude
FieldQuantity
Magnetic
Parameter #3
Name
Azimuthal angle of average magnetic field vector
ParameterKey
Column12
Description
Azimuthal angle of vector-averaged magnetic field vector. ARCTAN <By>/<Bx>
Cadence
P27D
Units
Deg
CoordinateSystem
CoordinateRepresentation
Spherical
CoordinateSystemName
GSE
Field
Qualifier
DirectionAngle.AzimuthAngle
FieldQuantity
Magnetic
Parameter #4
Name
Elevation angle of average magnetic field vector
ParameterKey
Column11
Description
Elevation angle of vector-averaged magnetic field vector. ARCTAN <Bz>/SQRT(<Bx>**2 + <By>**2)
Cadence
P27D
Units
Deg
CoordinateSystem
CoordinateRepresentation
Spherical
CoordinateSystemName
GSE
Field
Qualifier
DirectionAngle.ElevationAngle
FieldQuantity
Magnetic
Parameter #5
Name
Magnetic field vector, GSE
Description
Averaged GSE Cartesian components of magnetic field vector
Cadence
P27D
Units
nT
CoordinateSystem
CoordinateRepresentation
Cartesian
CoordinateSystemName
GSE
Structure
Size
3
Description
Three hourly averaged magnetic field Cartesian components, in GSE
Element
Name
Bx, GSE
Qualifier
Component.I
Index
1
ParameterKey
Column13
Element
Name
By, GSE
Qualifier
Component.J
Index
2
ParameterKey
Column14
Element
Name
Bz, GSE
Qualifier
Component.K
Index
3
ParameterKey
Column15
Field
Qualifier
Component
FieldQuantity
Magnetic
Parameter #6
Name
Magnetic field vector, GSM
Description
Averaged GSM Cartesian components of magnetic field vector
Caveats
Note that Bx(GSM)=Bx(GSE) is given only once in data record.
Cadence
P27D
Units
nT
CoordinateSystem
CoordinateRepresentation
Cartesian
CoordinateSystemName
GSM
Structure
Size
3
Description
Three hourly averaged magnetic field Cartesian components, in GSE
Element
Name
Bx, GSM
Qualifier
Component.I
Index
1
ParameterKey
Column13
Element
Name
By, GSM
Qualifier
Component.J
Index
2
ParameterKey
Column16
Element
Name
Bz, GSM
Qualifier
Component.K
Index
3
ParameterKey
Column17
Field
Qualifier
Component
FieldQuantity
Magnetic
Parameter #7
Name
Standard deviations in GSE component averages
Description
Standard deviations in averaged GSE Cartesian components of magnetic field vector
Cadence
P27D
Units
nT
CoordinateSystem
CoordinateRepresentation
Cartesian
CoordinateSystemName
GSE
Structure
Size
3
Description
Three standard deviations in hourly averaged GSE magnetic field Cartesian components
Element
Name
sigma Bx, GSE
Qualifier
Component.I
Index
1
ParameterKey
Column20
Element
Name
sigma By, GSE
Qualifier
Component.J
Index
2
ParameterKey
Column21
Element
Name
sigma Bz, GSE
Qualifier
Component.K
Index
3
ParameterKey
Column22
Field
Qualifier
StandardDeviation
FieldQuantity
Magnetic
Parameter #8
Name
Standard deviation in average magnetic field magnitude
ParameterKey
Column18
Description
Standard derviation in average of fine scale field magnitudes
Cadence
P27D
Units
nT
Field
Qualifier
StandardDeviation
FieldQuantity
Magnetic
Parameter #9
Name
Standard deviation of average magnetic field vector
ParameterKey
Column19
Description
Standard deviation of vector-averaged magnetic field vector. SQRT(sigma<Bx>**2 + sigma<By>**2 + Sigma<Bz>**2)
Cadence
P27D
Units
nT
Field
Qualifier
StandardDeviation
FieldQuantity
Magnetic
Parameter #10
Name
Plasma proton temperature
ParameterKey
Column23
Description
Plasma proton temperature, variously derived for various OMNI-input data sets. Cross normalized
Cadence
P27D
Units
DegK
Particle
ParticleType
Proton
Qualifier
Average
ParticleQuantity
Temperature
Parameter #11
Name
Plasma proton density
ParameterKey
Column24
Description
Plasma proton density, variously derived for various OMNI-input data sets. Cross normalized
Cadence
P27D
Units
number/cc
Particle
ParticleType
Proton
Qualifier
Average
ParticleQuantity
NumberDensity
Parameter #12
Name
Plasma proton flow speed
ParameterKey
Column25
Description
Plasma proton flow speed, variously derived for various OMNI-input data sets. Cross normalized
Cadence
P27D
Units
km/s
Particle
ParticleType
Proton
Qualifier
Average
ParticleQuantity
FlowSpeed
Parameter #13
Name
Flow azimuth angle
ParameterKey
Column26
Description
Angle from negative Xgse axis towards positive Ygse axis
Cadence
P27D
Units
Deg
Particle
ParticleType
Proton
Qualifier
DirectionAngle.AzimuthAngle
ParticleQuantity
FlowVelocity
Parameter #14
Name
Flow elevation angle
ParameterKey
Column27
Description
Angle (lease angle) from GSE X-Y plane to flow vector
Cadence
P27D
Units
Deg
Particle
ParticleType
Proton
Qualifier
DirectionAngle.ElevationAngle
ParticleQuantity
FlowVelocity
Parameter #15
Name
Alpha to proton density ratio
ParameterKey
Column28
Description
Alpha to proton density ratio
Cadence
P27D
Particle
ParticleType
AlphaParticle
ParticleType
Proton
Qualifier
Ratio
ParticleQuantity
NumberDensity
Parameter #16
Name
Flow pressure
ParameterKey
Column29
Description
P (nPa) = (1.67/10**6) * Np*V**2 * (1+ 4*Na/Np), created from hourly averaged Np, Na, V
Cadence
P27D
Units
nPa
Particle
ParticleType
Proton
ParticleType
AlphaParticle
Qualifier
Average
ParticleQuantity
Pressure
Parameter #17
Name
Plasma parameter standard deviations
Description
An array of 6 standard deviations in the hourly averages of temperature, density, flow speed, two flow direction angles and the Na/Np ratio
Caveats
The units of the standard deviations match the units of the parent parameters.
Cadence
P27D
Structure
Size
6
Description
An array of 6 standard deviations in the hourly averages of temperature, density, flow speed, two flow direction angles and the Na/Np ratio
Element
Name
SigmaT
Index
1
ParameterKey
Column30
Element
Name
SigmaN
Index
2
ParameterKey
Column31
Element
Name
SigmaV
Index
3
ParameterKey
Column32
Element
Name
sigmaPhiV
Index
4
ParameterKey
Column33
Element
Name
SigmaThetaV
Index
5
ParameterKey
Column34
Element
Name
SigmaNa/Np
Index
6
ParameterKey
Column35
Particle
ParticleType
Proton
Qualifier
StandardDeviation
ParticleQuantity
NumberDensity
Parameter #18
Name
VxB Electric Field
ParameterKey
Column36
Description
-V(km/s) * Bz (nT; GSM) * 10**-3; Hourly averaged V and Bz used nearly Ey component
Cadence
P27D
Units
mV/m
CoordinateSystem
CoordinateRepresentation
Cartesian
CoordinateSystemName
GSM
Field
Qualifier
Average
FieldQuantity
Electric
Parameter #19
Name
Plasma beta
ParameterKey
Column37
Description
[(T*4.16/10**5) + 5.34] * Np / B**2
Cadence
P27D
Mixed
MixedQuantity
PlasmaBeta
Parameter #20
Name
Alfven Mach Number
ParameterKey
Column38
Description
(V * Np**0.5) / 20 * B
Cadence
P27D
Mixed
MixedQuantity
AlfvenMachNumber
Parameter #21
Name
Kp Index
ParameterKey
Column39
Description
Kp index, but rather than standard 3-,3,3+, we use 27,30,33, etc.
Cadence
P27D
Support
SupportQuantity
Other
Parameter #22
Name
ap Index
ParameterKey
Column50
Description
ap index
Cadence
P27D
Support
SupportQuantity
Other
Parameter #23
Name
Sunspot Number
ParameterKey
Column40
Description
Daily sunspot number
Cadence
P27D
Support
SupportQuantity
Other
Parameter #24
Name
F10.7 Index
ParameterKey
Column51
Description
F10.7 solar index
Cadence
P27D
Support
SupportQuantity
Other
Parameter #25
Name
Dst Index
ParameterKey
Column41
Description
Dst Index
Caveats
Note that quick look values are given for most recent times, to be replaced by preliminary values as they become available, in turn to be replaced by definitive values as they become available
Cadence
P27D
Units
nT
Support
SupportQuantity
Other
Parameter #26
Name
AE Index
ParameterKey
Column42
Description
AE Index
Caveats
Note that quick look values are given for most recent times, to be replaced by preliminary values as they become available, in turn to be replaced by definitive values as they become available
Cadence
P27D
Units
nT
Support
SupportQuantity
Other
Parameter #27
Name
AL Index
ParameterKey
Column53
Description
AL Index
Caveats
Note that quick look values are given for most recent times, to be replaced by preliminary values as they become available, in turn to be replaced by definitive values as they become available
Cadence
P27D
Units
nT
Support
SupportQuantity
Other
Parameter #28
Name
AU Index
ParameterKey
Column54
Description
AU Index
Caveats
Note that quick look values are given for most recent times, to be replaced by preliminary values as they become available, in turn to be replaced by definitive values as they become available
Cadence
P27D
Units
nT
Support
SupportQuantity
Other
Parameter #29
Name
Polar Cap (N) Index
ParameterKey
Column52
Description
Polar Cap Index based on Thule
Cadence
P27D
Support
SupportQuantity
Other
Parameter #30
Name
Energetic Proton Fluxes
Description
Hourly fluxes of protons above 1, 2, 4, 10, 30, 60 MeV; 1967-near current; 1973-2005 from IMP 8 CPME; 2006 and later from GOES
Cadence
P27D
Units
number/cm**2 sec ster
Structure
Size
6
Description
One flux for each of the 6 energy thresholds
Element
Name
Proton flux >1 Mev
Index
1
ParameterKey
Column43
Element
Name
Proton flux >2 Mev
Index
2
ParameterKey
Column44
Element
Name
Proton flux >4 Mev
Index
3
ParameterKey
Column45
Element
Name
Proton flux >10 Mev
Index
4
ParameterKey
Column46
Element
Name
Proton flux >30 Mev
Index
5
ParameterKey
Column47
Element
Name
Proton flux >6 Mev
Index
6
ParameterKey
Column48
Particle
ParticleType
Proton
Qualifier
Average
ParticleQuantity
NumberFlux
Parameter #31
Name
number of points in IMF averages
ParameterKey
Column07
Description
Number of daily averages in 27-day magnetic field parameter averages for this day
Support
SupportQuantity
Other
Parameter #32
Name
number of points in plasma averages
ParameterKey
Column08
Description
Number of daily averages in 27-day plasma parameter averages for this day
Support
SupportQuantity
Other