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Data Access
PDS/PPI
Voyager 2 Neptune Plasma Science (PLS) Derived Electron Magnetosphere, Version 1.0, 96 s Reduced Data Record (RDR) Data
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(2026).
Voyager 2 Neptune Plasma Science (PLS) Derived Electron Magnetosphere, Version 1.0, 96 s Reduced Data Record (RDR) Data.
[Data set].
Space Physics Data Facility; Planetary Data System.
https://doi.org/10.48322/mk9a-kp53. Accessed on document.write(currentDateStr);.
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ResourceID
spase://NASA/NumericalData/Voyager2/PLS/Neptune/PT96S
Description
* Data Set Overview
* =================
The Electron Spectra are fit using several isotropic Maxwellian Distribution functions to find Electron Parameters. The Spacecraft Charge may seriously affect the Density Measurements. The Temperature of each Component is, however, independent of the Spacecraft Potential. To obtain the best Estimate of the Electron Density, the Encounter Period is divided into four Regions and four different Analysis Methods are used.
* Parameters
* ==========
* Derived Parameters
* ==================
+------------------------------------------------------------+
| Parameter Characteristics | Value |
--------------------------------------------------------------
| Sampling Parameter Name | TIME |
| Sampling Parameter Resolution | N/A |
| Minimum Sampling Parameter | UNK |
| Maximum Sampling Parameter | UNK |
| Sampling Parameter Interval | UNK |
| Minimum Available Sampling Interval | UNK |
| Data Set Parameter Name | ELECTRON DENSITY |
| Noise Level | UNK |
| Data Set Parameter Unit | CM^-3 |
+------------------------------------------------------------+
Electron Density: A derived Parameter equaling the Number of Electrons per Unit Volume over a specified Range of Electron Energy. Different Forms of Electron Density are derived distinguished by Method of Derivation (Maxwellian Fit, Method of Moments) or by the some Selection Criteria (i.e., hot Electron and cold Electron Density). In general, if more than one Electron Component is analyzed, either by Moment or Fit, a total Density will be provided which is the Sum of the Electron Densities. If the Electron do not have a Maxwellian Distribution the actual Distribution can be represented as the Sum of several Maxwellians, in which case the Density of each Maxwellian is given.
+------------------------------------------------------------+
| Parameter Characteristics | Value |
--------------------------------------------------------------
| Sampling Parameter Name | TIME |
| Sampling Parameter Resolution | N/A |
| Minimum Sampling Parameter | UNK |
| Maximum Sampling Parameter | UNK |
| Sampling Parameter Interval | UNK |
| Minimum Available Sampling Interval | UNK |
| Data Set Parameter Name | ELECTRON TEMPERATURE |
| Noise Level | UNK |
| Data Set Parameter Unit | EV |
+------------------------------------------------------------+
Electron Temperature: A derived Parameter giving an Indication of the Mean Energy per Electron, assuming the Shape of the Electron Energy Spectrum to be Maxwellian (i.e. highest entropy shape). Given that the Electron Energy Spectrum is not exactly Maxwellian, the Electron Temperature can be defined integrally (whereby the Mean Energy obtained by integrating under the actual Electron Energy Spectrum is set equal to the Integral under a Maxwellian, where the Temperature is a free Parameter for which to solve), or differentially (whereby the Slopes of the actually Electron Energy Spectrum at various Energies are matched to the Slopes of a corresponding Maxwellian). The Temperature Parameter is often qualified with a Range of applicable Energies. Temperatures can be angularly anisotropic. If the Electrons do not have a Maxwellian Distribution the actual Distribution can be represented as the Sum of several Maxwellians, each with a separate Temperature.
Electron Rate: A measured Parameter equaling the Number of Electrons hitting a Particle Detector per specified Accumulation Interval. The counted Electrons may or may not be discriminated as to their Energies (e.g. greater than E1, or between E1 and E2).
Electron Current: A measured Parameter equaling the Rate at which negative Charge is collected by a Particle Detector. The Electrons contributing to this Current may be restricted by Energy. Electrons always have a Charge of 1, so this Quantity corresponds directly to the Electron Rate.
* References
* ==========
* Zhang, M., J. D. Richardson, and E. C. Sittler, Jr., Voyager 2 electron observations in the magnetosphere of Neptune, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 19,085-19,100, 1991.
* J. W. Belcher, H. S. Bridge, et al., Plasma observations near Neptune: Initial results from Voyager 2, Science, 246, 1478-1483, 1989.
* Scudder, J. D., E. C. Sittler, Jr. and H. S. Bridge, A survey of the plasma electron environment of Jupiter: a view from Voyager, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 8319-8342, 1981.
* Sittler, E. C., Jr., K. W. Ogilvie and R. S. Selesnick, Survey of electrons in the Uranian magnetosphere: Voyager 2 observations, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 15,263-15,281, 1987.
Metadata Rights
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Version:2.7.1
NumericalData
ResourceID
spase://NASA/NumericalData/Voyager2/PLS/Neptune/PT96S
NamingAuthority
NASA
ResourceType
NumericalData
ResourceHeader
ResourceName
Voyager 2 Neptune Plasma Science (PLS) Derived Electron Magnetosphere, Version 1.0, 96 s Reduced Data Record (RDR) Data
DOI
https://doi.org/10.48322/mk9a-kp53
ReleaseDate
2026-06-26 13:31:31Z
RevisionHistory
RevisionEvent
ReleaseDate
2020-07-07 21:16:00Z
Note
Only known prior ReleaseDate of the metadata
RevisionEvent
ReleaseDate
2025-12-04 13:32:40Z
Note
Added MetadataRightsList. Added ResourceType and NamingAuthority. Updated to 2.7.1. Changed http to https in top-level schemaLocation attribute. Fixed version number separator in top-level schemaLocation attribute. ZCB
RevisionEvent
ReleaseDate
2026-04-10 09:59:25Z
Note
Added new Contact(s). ZCB
RevisionEvent
ReleaseDate
2026-04-10 10:04:16Z
Note
Added PublicationInfo. ZCB
RevisionEvent
ReleaseDate
2026-06-12 19:17:27Z
Note
Added DOI. tlk
RevisionEvent
ReleaseDate
2026-06-26 13:31:31Z
Note
Add 'Z' to TemporalDescription:TimeSpan:StartDate, TemporalDescription:TimeSpan:StopDate. ZCB
Description
* Data Set Overview
* =================
The Electron Spectra are fit using several isotropic Maxwellian Distribution functions to find Electron Parameters. The Spacecraft Charge may seriously affect the Density Measurements. The Temperature of each Component is, however, independent of the Spacecraft Potential. To obtain the best Estimate of the Electron Density, the Encounter Period is divided into four Regions and four different Analysis Methods are used.
* Parameters
* ==========
* Derived Parameters
* ==================
+------------------------------------------------------------+
| Parameter Characteristics | Value |
--------------------------------------------------------------
| Sampling Parameter Name | TIME |
| Sampling Parameter Resolution | N/A |
| Minimum Sampling Parameter | UNK |
| Maximum Sampling Parameter | UNK |
| Sampling Parameter Interval | UNK |
| Minimum Available Sampling Interval | UNK |
| Data Set Parameter Name | ELECTRON DENSITY |
| Noise Level | UNK |
| Data Set Parameter Unit | CM^-3 |
+------------------------------------------------------------+
Electron Density: A derived Parameter equaling the Number of Electrons per Unit Volume over a specified Range of Electron Energy. Different Forms of Electron Density are derived distinguished by Method of Derivation (Maxwellian Fit, Method of Moments) or by the some Selection Criteria (i.e., hot Electron and cold Electron Density). In general, if more than one Electron Component is analyzed, either by Moment or Fit, a total Density will be provided which is the Sum of the Electron Densities. If the Electron do not have a Maxwellian Distribution the actual Distribution can be represented as the Sum of several Maxwellians, in which case the Density of each Maxwellian is given.
+------------------------------------------------------------+
| Parameter Characteristics | Value |
--------------------------------------------------------------
| Sampling Parameter Name | TIME |
| Sampling Parameter Resolution | N/A |
| Minimum Sampling Parameter | UNK |
| Maximum Sampling Parameter | UNK |
| Sampling Parameter Interval | UNK |
| Minimum Available Sampling Interval | UNK |
| Data Set Parameter Name | ELECTRON TEMPERATURE |
| Noise Level | UNK |
| Data Set Parameter Unit | EV |
+------------------------------------------------------------+
Electron Temperature: A derived Parameter giving an Indication of the Mean Energy per Electron, assuming the Shape of the Electron Energy Spectrum to be Maxwellian (i.e. highest entropy shape). Given that the Electron Energy Spectrum is not exactly Maxwellian, the Electron Temperature can be defined integrally (whereby the Mean Energy obtained by integrating under the actual Electron Energy Spectrum is set equal to the Integral under a Maxwellian, where the Temperature is a free Parameter for which to solve), or differentially (whereby the Slopes of the actually Electron Energy Spectrum at various Energies are matched to the Slopes of a corresponding Maxwellian). The Temperature Parameter is often qualified with a Range of applicable Energies. Temperatures can be angularly anisotropic. If the Electrons do not have a Maxwellian Distribution the actual Distribution can be represented as the Sum of several Maxwellians, each with a separate Temperature.
Electron Rate: A measured Parameter equaling the Number of Electrons hitting a Particle Detector per specified Accumulation Interval. The counted Electrons may or may not be discriminated as to their Energies (e.g. greater than E1, or between E1 and E2).
Electron Current: A measured Parameter equaling the Rate at which negative Charge is collected by a Particle Detector. The Electrons contributing to this Current may be restricted by Energy. Electrons always have a Charge of 1, so this Quantity corresponds directly to the Electron Rate.
* References
* ==========
* Zhang, M., J. D. Richardson, and E. C. Sittler, Jr., Voyager 2 electron observations in the magnetosphere of Neptune, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 19,085-19,100, 1991.
* J. W. Belcher, H. S. Bridge, et al., Plasma observations near Neptune: Initial results from Voyager 2, Science, 246, 1478-1483, 1989.
* Scudder, J. D., E. C. Sittler, Jr. and H. S. Bridge, A survey of the plasma electron environment of Jupiter: a view from Voyager, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 8319-8342, 1981.
* Sittler, E. C., Jr., K. W. Ogilvie and R. S. Selesnick, Survey of electrons in the Uranian magnetosphere: Voyager 2 observations, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 15,263-15,281, 1987.
PublicationInfo
Authors
Decker, Robert B.; Krimigis, Stamatios M.
PublicationDate
2026-04-10 10:04:16Z
PublishedBy
Space Physics Data Facility; Planetary Data System
Contacts
Role
Person
StartDate
StopDate
Note
1.
CoPI
spase://SMWG/Person/Robert.B.Decker
2.
PrincipalInvestigator
spase://SMWG/Person/Stamatios.M.Krimigis
3.
MetadataContact
spase://SMWG/Person/Todd.A.King
4.
MetadataContact
spase://SMWG/Person/Lee.Frost.Bargatze
InformationURL
Name
VG2-N-PLS-5-RDR-ELEMAGSPHERE-96SEC-V1.0
URL
https://pds-ppi.igpp.ucla.edu/data/VG2-N-PLS-5-RDR-ELEMAGSPHERE-96SEC-V1.0/AAREADME.TXT
Description
The Document describing the Contents of the Collection.
Language
En
PriorIDs
spase://VMO/NumericalData/Voyager2/PLS/Neptune/PT96S
spase://VSPO/NumericalData/Voyager2/PLS/Neptune/PT96S
AccessInformation
RepositoryID
spase://SMWG/Repository/PDS/PPI
Availability
Online
AccessRights
Open
AccessURL
Name
PDS/PPI
URL
https://pds-ppi.igpp.ucla.edu/search/view/?f=yes&id=pds://PPI/VG2-N-PLS-5-RDR-ELEMAGSPHERE-96SEC-V1.0
ProductKey
VG2-N-PLS-5-RDR-ELEMAGSPHERE-96SEC-V1.0
Description
This Collection is archived with NASA Planetary Data System.
Language
En
Format
Text.ASCII
Acknowledgement
NASA Planetary Plasma Interactions (PPI) Node of the Planetary Data System (PDS) and the Principal Investigator for the Data.
InstrumentIDs
spase://SMWG/Instrument/Voyager2/PLS
MeasurementType
ThermalPlasma
TemporalDescription
TimeSpan
StartDate
1989-08-24 14:38:00.00Z
StopDate
1989-08-25 09:23:00.00Z
Cadence
PT96S
ObservedRegion
Neptune